Wybaczcie, że się tyle nie odzywałem ale testy za trzy tygodnie i trzeba się do nich porządnie przygotować, co wyklucza częstą obecność na blogu. Niemniej jednak mam dzisiaj kilka pytanek, na które trzeba odpowiedzieć.
"Strasznie się cieszę, że wtedy Ci się udało! Ja dopiero w tym roku mam okazję wyjechać.. Po przeczytaniu tego posta zaczynam się troszkę bać. Ten eseay wygląda przerażająco. Jest świetny, ale nie wyobrażam sobie, abym ja miała coś takiego napisać. Pozdrawiam, koleżanka z rozmów kwalifikacyjnych 2012!"
Cześć ;D
Ja też się cieszę, że się Ci udało :D Nie masz się czego bać, to wszystko przychodzi z czasem :) Ważna jest praktyka i uczenie się na błędach ;) pamiętaj, trening czyni mistrza ;)
Pozdrawiam :)
Chcę poczytać resztę esejów :)
Spoko, spoko, będę dodawał, bo akurat coraz lepiej mi idzie :D
Pozdrawiam ;)
"Cześć! A jeśli kończę 16 lat w październiku i 1 września będę miała 15 lat i 10 miesięcy to na ten właśnie rok nie mogę złożyć podania?"
Cześć,
Hmmm.... wydaje mi się, że niestety nie.... w regulaminie jest jasno powiedziane, że musi być skończone lat 16... napisz do mnie na e-mail vonzych@interia.pl, a ja Ci podam adres e mail Pana Rafała, koordynatora projektu, który Ci to wyklaruje, bo ja nie jestem pewien. Ale nie łam się! Masz okazję jeszcze za rok :)
Pozdrawiam :)
--
Pozwólcie, że dzisiaj opublikuję esej z historii, który zebrał również bardzo wysoką notę z przełomu A/A*. Jestem dumny, gdyż to mój pierwszy taki esej z historii. jest tam kilka błędów, których nie chce się mi i nie mam czasu poprawić, więc nie zwracajcie na nie uwagi ;)
Miłego czytania o wojnie w Wietnamie :D
Why did the US lose the Vietnam War?
The most important reason for the
US losing Vietnam War were military strengths and tactics of Viet Cong, because
their guerrilla warfare was very effective since they caused many deaths and
the low morale of the US troops. The US military mistakes were also important
reason, which was caused by the guerrilla tactics. These mistakes and failures
led to the opposition from Congress, which was also important reason of the US
losing the Vietnam War.
Military strengths and tactics of
Viet Cong were the most important reason for the US losing the Vietnam War,
because it had huge impact on the US morale, deaths and the relations with
South Vietnamese, which in consequence caused their failure. Viet Cong used
tactics called guerrilla warfare, which means that they did not involve
themselves in the full scale war, but tried to fight with the US by launching
small-scale attacks, using tunnels, traps and secret attacks. These tactics
were very effective, since caused death of 22,000 Americans by 1967. They had
impact on the US relations with Vietnamese, which drastically deteriorated,
since Viet Cong was blending with South Vietnamese villagers, which meant that
the US soldiers were very often killing innocent civilians instead of Viet Cong
troops. In 1967 only 35% of South Vietnamese supported the USA. These tactics were
abandoned for the battle at La Drang, where
Viet Cong was defeated and 3561 Vietnamese died in comparison to 305
Americans. Guerrilla Tactics caused also a huge number of deaths for Vietcong.
However, after the battle at La Drang, Viet Cong returned to guerrilla tactics
which were effective and lead death of 14,000 Americans in 1968. What is more,
North Vietnam, which supplied the most of soldiers for Viet Cong was autocratic,
which meant that the deaths were not a problem, since the public opinion was
not informed about them. Guerrilla tactics of Viet Cong ensured that the
tactics of the US army were ineffective and full of mistakes.
Another important reason for the US
lost in Vietnam War were the US military weaknesses and mistakes, which showed
that the US were not winning the war and speeded their defeat. The USA did not
use tactics which allowed them to defeat Viet Cong and effectively fight
against Guerrilla warfare. General Westmoreland’s tactics “search and destroy”
did not work, because the assumption was that the death rate of the Vietnamese
should show that the US were winning the war. Even if the death rate was
proportionally high, before 1967 the US lost 40% of the territory in South
Vietnam. Also the air operations, such as Ranch Hand, which should have caused
the defeat of Viet Cong were not effective enough, since Ho Chi Minh Trial,
which fed Viet Cong, was not destroyed. The US were using napalm and
defoliations which were destructive more for the environment, than for Viet
Cong, since Vietnamese were using under-ground tunnels. Napalm also killed many
civilians and because of that the relations between South Vietnamese and the US
deteriorated – in 1967 only 35% supported the US. The important mistake was
also draft of young soldiers, which were not willing to fight, since they did
not choose to do it and in consequence demotivation increased. The battle at Ap
Back in January 1963 showed that the money and training for the ARVN were
useless, since the ARVN was defeated by minor Viet Cong forces. The initiatives
of Johnson such as Phoenix programme and “clean and hold” tactic were more
effective, since the Phoenix programme led to the death of 20,000 Viet Cong’s
personnel and officers and “clean and hold” tactic allowed the US to restore
50% of the South Vietnam territory. Nevertheless, the public opinion did not
agree with the tactics, since they were mimicking of the tactics of Vietnamese
and what is more important, the USA had already decided to withdraw the troops,
so the new tactics were useless without soldiers who can used them. The US
military failures and mistakes started to cause the opposition from the
Congress.
The opposition from the Congress
was also an important reason for the US lost in the Vietnam War, because it
stopped all attempts for further escalation and the possibility to rescue the
situation in Vietnam. The growing opposition form senators showed that the
Congress was no longer in favour of the war. Two main figures were George
Kennan, who wrote a long telegram to Truman in 1946 explaining the threat from
the Soviet Union and William Fulbright who proposed the Gulf of Tonkin
Resolution, which allowed the President to escalate the war. Both changed their
minds and started to criticise the war. Together with them 12 senators started
to speak openly against the war. From January to April 1971 the Congress passed
17 laws which make impossible further attempts to escalate the war. What is
more, The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution was repealed in January 1971 so the
President was no longer able to do whatever he wanted in Vietnam. Further
embarrassment of the government brought the publication of Pentagon Papers
commissioned by Robert McNamara, the secretary of defence under Kennedy and
Johnson, which showed a degree of lying to the public by the presidents about
the Vietnam War.
The most important reason for the
US lost in the Vietnam War was the Viet Cong tactics, such as guerrilla
warfare, which made almost impossible the victory over the Viet Cong and led to
the failures and mistakes of the US military strategies, which caused the
opposition from the Congress. Hence, the Viet Cong tactics – guerrilla warfare
- were the most important reason, since it was the first cause of the US
failure in the Vietnam War.
Wszelkie prawa autorskie zastrzeżone i prawnie chronione. Kopiowanie materiałów w części lub w całości możliwy tylko za zgodą autora. Cytowanie oraz wykorzystywanie fragmentów dozwolone tylko za podaniem źródła. Copyright by Wojciech Zych
